Conceptual model of reef coral resilience and survival under the

Download scientific diagram | Conceptual model of reef coral resilience and survival under the combined impact of direct and indirect effects of elevated nutrient levels. (a) The performance of corals can be sub-optimal at very low nutrient levels and benefits from a slight enrichment. However, higher concentrations of nutrients in the water can have direct negative effects on the corals, for example, by increasing their susceptibility to heat stress. (b) Coral bleaching in waters influenced by urban pollution and coastal development, Saadiyat Reef, UAE, September 2012. (c) With higher nutrient levels, the coral reef ecosystem becomes more dependent on the top down control of indirect negative nutrient effects and accordingly vulnerable to disturbances. (d) Increased nutrient input stimulates plankton loads that promote filter feeders and bioeroders. These can represent space competitors for corals or endanger their structural integrity. Here, Porites sp. is deformed by a high load of filter feeding parasitic barnacles, Gulf of Oman, September 2012. (e) Direct and indirect effects act together to define coral reef resilience and survival. The individual contribution of these components will probably vary depending, for instance, on the regional nutrient environment, the species assemblage and seasonal changes. Importantly, both direct and indirect effects become negative at higher nutrient levels and put reef survival at risk. (f) In healthy coral reefs, top down control processes can restrict the potential negative impacts of elevated nutrient levels. The image shows a coral (A. palmata) — herbivoric fish assemblage in Curaçao, May 2013. from publication: Impacts of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs: New perspectives and implications for coastal management and reef survival | Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is often associated with coral reef decline. Consequently, there is a large consent that increased nutrient influxes in reef waters have negative longterm consequences for corals. However, the mechanisms by which dissolved inorganic nutrients | Coral, Anthozoa and Coral Reefs | ResearchGate, the professional network for scientists.

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Jorg WIEDENMANN, Professor of Biological Oceanography, Professor of Biological Oceanography, University of Southampton, Southampton, Coral Reef Laboratory at Ocean and Earth Science

Conceptual model of reef coral resilience and survival under the

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Jorg WIEDENMANN, Professor of Biological Oceanography, Professor of Biological Oceanography, University of Southampton, Southampton, Coral Reef Laboratory at Ocean and Earth Science

PDF) Impacts of nutrient enrichment on coral reefs: New perspectives and implications for coastal management and reef survival

Conceptual model of reef coral resilience and survival under the

Conceptual model of reef coral resilience and survival under the

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